EDU 02-DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVES OF THE LEARNER

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UNIT 3

LEARNER DIFFERENCES IN INTELLIGENCE  AND CREATIVITY 


INTELLIGENCE – Meaning 

The English word intelligence is a translation for the Latin nouns intelligentia, which  in turn stem from the verb intelligere, which means realization or understanding.  Human intelligence is the intellectual capacity of humans, which is characterized by  perception, consciousness, self-awareness, and volition (will). Intelligence enables  humans to remember descriptions of things and use those descriptions in future  behaviours. It is a cognitive process. It gives humans the cognitive abilities. To learn,  form concepts, understand, and reason, including the capacities use language to  communicate, comprehend ideas, plan, problem solving, and to recognize patterns.  Intelligence enables humans to experience and think. 

INTELLIGENCE – Definition 

Intelligence is defined as mental capability that involves the ability to reason, to plan,  to solve problems, to think abstractly, to comprehend complex ideas, to learn quickly  and to learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill,  or test-taking smartness. In simple words, intelligence is nothing but thinking skills  and the ability to adapt to and to learn from life‘s everyday experiences. Intelligence  can be defined as a combination of mental competencies and potentialities that  includes the ability to (a) learn from experience and to (b) apply this knowledge, (c)  formulate new understandings, and (d) construct solutions to novel problems  encountered in new and challenging situations. Alfred Binet defines intelligence as the  ability of an individual to direct his behaviour towards a goal. Jean Piaget defined,  ―intelligence is the ability to adapt to one‘s surroundings. ―Intelligence is not acquired  after sustained labour. It is a gift from nature. Intelligence is not memory. An  intelligent person may have poor memory. Intelligence is not a skill which a worker  acquires after planned practice. Intelligence is not a guarantee of a good behaviour of  the individual.

THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE – TWO FACTOR THEORY  (SPEARMAN) 

Charles Edward Spearman was born in London in 1863 and joined the army in 1883  and served as a much-decorated infantry officer in Burma and India.


For full version of this unit click on the link below.

UNIT 3-Learner differences in intelligence and creativity



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