EDU 02-DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVES OF THE LEARNER

-

                                                                             UNIT 2

DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEARNER  

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 

  • Growth refers to quantitative changes in size, which include physical changes  in height, weight, size, internal organs. It to structural and physiological  changes. 
  • Development refers to qualitative changes taking place simultaneously with  quantitative changes of growth. It may be defined as a progressive series of  orderly, coherent changes. 
  • Crow and Crow defined that growth refers to structural and psychological  changes , while development refers to growth as well as behaviour. 

Difference between Growth and development 

GGROWTH DEVELOPMENT

Refers to changes in the body. 

Overall changes resulted in improved  function.



Not continue throughout life. 

It is a continuous process.

Narrow 

Wider aspect

May or may not bring development. 

It is possible without growth.

Measurable 

Observable

Physical and external in nature Physical, social, emotional and intellectual .





PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT 

1.Development follows a pattern or a sequence 

  • Principle of Cephalocaudal-Development proceeds in the direction of the  longitudinal axis. Development from head to foot or toe. That is why, before it  becomes able to stand, the child first gains control over his head and arms and  then on his legs. 
  • Principle of Proximodistal- Development of motor skills to start at central  body parts to outwards. That is why, in the beginning, the child is seen to  exercise control over the large fundamental muscles of the arm and then hand  and only afterwards over the smaller muscles of the finger 

2.Development is a continuous process: 

The development follows the principle of continuity which means that development  is a continuous process. It starts with pre-natal and ends with death 

3. Principle of individual difference: 

Every organism is a distinct creation in itself. There is no fixed rate of development.  That all children will learn to walk is universal, but the time at which each child takes  his her first step may vary 

4. Principle of Integration: 

Development thus involves a movement from the whole to parts and from parts to the  whole and this way it is the integration of the whole and its parts as well as the  specific and general responses. 

Example: Child first starts to learn hand movement then finger movement and then  learn the movement of both hand and finger together this is called integration 


5.Principle of proceeding from general to specific: 

While developing to any aspect of personality. The child first pickup or exhibit a  general response and learn how to show specific and goal-directed responses  afterwards.


6. Principle of predictability: 

Development is predictable, which means that with the help of the uniformity of  pattern and sequence of development. We can know the particular age at which  children will learn to walk, speak and so on. 

7. Principle of Association of Maturation and Learning: 

Biological growth and development are known as maturation. 

Biological changes involve changes in the brain and the nervous system, which  provide new abilities to a child. 

For Full version of this unit click on the link below.

UNIT 2- DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEARNER

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

EDU 01 : Knowledge and Curriculum: Philosophical and Sociological Perspectives

-
Image
                                                                    UNIT -1                                         TEACHER AND EDUCATION EDUCATION In the broad sense, “any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character and physical ability can be called education”. The chief task of education is to shape man, or to guide the evolving dynamism through which man forms himself as a man. The task of education is to lead people out of darkness into light. Education means the process of acquiring experiences to develop one’s innate abilities and talents needed for a productive and successful personal and social life. MEANING OF EDUCATION The term “education” is derived from the Latin word ' educare’ a...
Read more

EDU 03-TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION IN EDUCATION

-
                                                                 UNIT -4                   STUDENTS SAFETY ON THE NET          DEFINITION OF COMPUTER VIRUSES A computer virus is a type of malicious software, or malware that spreads between computers and causes damage to data and software.      Computer viruses aim to disrupt systems, cause major operational issues, and result in data loss and leakage. A key thing to know about computer viruses is that they are designed to spread across programs and systems. Computer viruses typically attach to an executable host file, which results in their viral codes executing when a file is opened. The code then spreads from the document or software it is attached to via networks, drives, file-sharing pro...
Read more

EDU 06 -EDUCATION IN INDIAN SOCIETY

-
                                                          UNIT 4       CHALLENGES AND TRENDS IN INDIAN  EDUCATION CURRENT PROBLEMS OF INDIAN EDUCATION : Problems of Primary Education in India Education has a significant role in the development of the personality of the child. During the phase of school education, primary education is one of the strong pillars which determine the development of all the faculties of the child. Here I am presenting some familiar yet very important issues. They are given below: Infrastructure deficit: Dilapidated structures, single-room schools, lack of drinking water facilities, separate toilets and other educational infrastructure is a grave problem. Corruption and leakages: The transfer of funds from the central to state to local governments to school leads to involvement of many intermediari...
Read more