EDU 01:-KNOWLEDGE AND CURRICULUM:PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

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                                                  UNIT III

        SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES OF EDUCATION

                      INTERACTIVE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND SOCIETY

     Society may be viewed as a system of interrelated mutually dependent parts which cooperate (more or less) to preserve a recognizable whole and to satisfy some purpose or goal. Social system refers to the orderly arrangement of parts of society and plurality of individuals interacting with each other. Social system presupposes a social structure consisting of different parts which are interrelated in such a way as to perform its functions. To perform its functions every society sets up various institutions. Five major complexes of institutions are identified: familial institutions, religious institutions, educational institutions, economic institutions and political institutions. These institutions form sub-systems within social system or larger society.

     Education is a sub-system of the society. It is related to other sub-systems. Various institutions or sub-systems are a social system because they are interrelated. Education as a sub-system performs certain functions for the society as a whole. There are also functional relations between education and other sub-systems. For example, Education trains the individuals in skills that are required by economy. Similarly, education is conditioned by the economic institution.

     According to Emile Durkheim, education's primary duty is to transmit society's norms and values. "Society can only survive if there is a sufficient degree of homogeneity among its members; education perpetuates and promotes this homogeneity by instilling in the kid from the beginning the necessary commonalities that collective life necessitates," he claims. Cooperation, social solidarity, and hence social life would be impossible without these fundamental similarities. The building of solidarity is a critical undertaking for all societies.


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